The principle and manufacturing method of electromagnetic coils
By creating an electromagnetic coil around the wire, winding the electromagnetic coil into a helical shape will become a strengthened magnetic field, that is, to maximize the intensity of the magnetic field in the smallest space. Wrapping the surface of the electromagnetic coil with a layer of insulated wire instead of ordinary wire can save space. The forming performance of lightweight alloys is effectively improved by electromagnetic forming. The structure of the coil is one of the key factors affecting the forming quality. Determine the distribution of electromagnetic force according to the deformed part of the workpiece and design the corresponding electromagnetic coil purposefully.
The direction of the magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil is determined according to the "Right Hand Screw Rule", also known as "Ampere's Rule". Hold the energized solenoid with the right hand, make the four fingers bend in the same direction as the current, and the end pointed by the thumb is the N pole of the energized solenoid. Hold the energized straight conductor with the right hand and let the thumb point in the direction of the current, then the direction pointed by the four fingers is the direction surrounded by the magnetic induction line. Opposite poles attract. Each turn of the energized solenoid will generate magnetism. When all the magnetism they generate is superimposed, a magnetic field shape will be formed. Therefore, it can be seen that the magnetic force shape produced by the energized solenoid is similar to that of a magnet, and the magnetic field inside the solenoid and the external magnetic field combine to form closed magnetic force lines.
There are many winding methods for electromagnetic coils. According to the shapes of different heating bodies, they can be divided into flat disk coils, circular straight wound coils, U-shaped winding methods, etc. When winding, the coils can be closely adjacent one by one until the winding is completed. This dense winding method is adopted when the length of the barrel is limited. This winding method is usually not selected when the barrel is long enough because the heating gate of this winding method is relatively concentrated (the heating gate is concentrated at the center of the wound coil). Therefore, when the barrel has a certain length, in order for the heating gate to be evenly dispersed on the barrel, the author usually advocates using another winding method, such as closely winding the coil for four or five or five or six circles one by one, then isolating for six or seven centimeters and then winding closely again, and winding in several sections like this.
Because the electromagnetic induction coil has to withstand high temperatures, it must be wound with temperature-resistant materials. In order to adapt to the normal operation of the electromagnet at high temperatures, high-quality ferrite must be used for double-layer heating, and the heat conversion effect will be greatly improved to more than 99%.
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